Bottle filling and sealing machine



July 8,

A. cALLEsQN BOTTLE FILLING lAND SEALING MACHINE 4. R/vfr.

July s, 1924. A' 1,500,364

4 A. CALLESON IBOTTLE FILLING AND SEALING MACHINE Filed Aug.9. 1920 9 Sheets-Sheet 2 WITNESS; /NVEA/TR,

July s, 1924. 1,500,364

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Julys, 1.924. 1,500,364

A. CALLESON BOTTLE FILLING AND SEALING 'MACHINE Filed Aug. 9. 1920 9 Sheets-Sheet 5 A TTOR/VE Y 1,500,364 A. CALLESON BOTTLE FILLING AND sEALING MACHINE Filed Aug. 9 1920 9 Sheets-Sheet 6 L .12. r ,i .up 9 g ATTORNEY A. CALLESON BOTTLE FILLING AND SEALING MACHINE Filed Aug. 9. 1920 9 Sheets-Sheet 7 INVENTOH l on ATTORNEY.

July 8, i924. 1,500,364

' A. cALLEsoN BOTTLE FILLING AND SEALING MACHINE lFiled Aug. 9. 1920 9 Sheets-Sheet 8 i' f/ franken-- Wfl/1111111111111', f-

WITNESS:

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July s, 1924'. 1,500,364

A. CALLESON BOTTLE FILLING AND SEALING MACHINE Filed Aug. 9 1920 9 Sheets-Sheet 9 ATTORNEY.

Patented Jly 8, -1924.

UNITED STATES AMOS CALLESON, 0F BRGKLYNQNEW YORK.

BOTTLE FILLING AND SEALING MACHINE.

-Application led August 9, 1920. Serial No. 402,230.

To aller/:0m 'it may concern: i

Be it known that l. Ait-ros CALLEsoN, a citizenofthe United States,'residinr at Brooklyn, in the county ot' Kings and b'tate of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in BottleFilling and Sealing Machines, ot' which the following is a speciication.A

This invention relates to, machines for operating on as by lling and capping or sealing containers, as bottles, andit consists in certain improvements whereby the two organizations for filling and sealing are unified and brought into such relation. to each other as properly to synchronize in their operations on the containers and whereby such operations are carried on from 'start to finish entirelyautomatically and with the least amount of interruption due to faulty action of apparatus.

In the drawings, l I

Figure 1 is aI vertical central sectional view of the machine, the upper part of the capping machine and certain other parts appearing in elevation;

Figure 2 is a plan, the cover of a cert ain liquid receptacle being removed and the capping machine appearing in horizontal section in a plane just above the bottle turret;

Figure 3 shows vprincipally one of the filling units, in side elevation, 'and Figures 4\ and show said unit `in front elevation and in plan;

Figure 6 is a side elevation ot' one of said units on a larger scale and partly in Section;

- Figure 7 shows the ram and syrup pump of said unit in vertical section;

Figure 8`is a plan ot' said unit with its top removed;

Figures 9 to 14, inclusive, are Sectional views on lines 99, 10-10, 111l, 12-12, l3-13 and 14-14 of Figure 6;

Figure l5 is a plan and side elevation of the 'bottle-mouth-gaging element of the lower part or member of the filling head;

Figure 16 is a vertical sectional view of the syrup-pump-actuating part ot the ram;

Figures 17, 18 and 19 show details of the syrup pump piston; v

Figure 20 shows in end elevation and vertical section a valve-fitting in the syrup delivery line;

Figures 2l and 22'sl1ow in side elevation, partly in section, andl in plan a valve-fitting in the water delivery line;

Figure 23 is a sectional view of means with said pillar whereby somewhat greater pressure than that inthe main source of pressure may be attained in each bottle;

Figures 24, 25, 26 and 27 show details of a switch-va1ve device for controlling the pressure for operating the ram;

Figure 28 is a rea-r elevation of one of two vertically adjustable pillars and the means thereon for moving the aforesaid device one way, i. e., to effect the working thrust 'of the ram, other parts connected beine' shown in section;

Figure 29 is an enlevation of what appears in Figure 28, viewing the same from the right in that figure, and Figure 30 is a. plan of the pillar;v Figure 31 shows in plan the upper and the lower members of a train of parts con stituting the means for moving, as aforesaid, the switchfvalve device;

Figure 32 is a front elevation and a plan of the topportion, and Figure 33 a front elevation of the lower portion, of the other pillar and certain parts thereon ;V

Figure 34 is a. partly sectional plan ol whaty appears in Figure 33;.,

Figure 35 shows a certain guide e;

Figure 36 is a vertical sectional view, Figure 37 a plan of the valve-chamber. and Figure 38 'a sectional view on line 38-38 of Figure 36, of the water inlet controlling means;

Figure 39 shows a certain pneumatic clutch-controlling means.

` T'hetfront of the machineI is the side toward the observer in Figures 1 and 2.

In Figure 1 A designa-tes the base and li and C are the capping and lling machines mounted on said base. I

The capping machine B may be any capping machine (for instance, that set forth in mv application Serial No. 353,604) which has a rot-ary turret. onto which thebottles are successively delivered and which, rotating on a vertical axis, supports them whileY they are being capped or sealed, as by vertically reciprocating capping means.l This turret is indicated at a, being secured t0 a rotary vertical shaft b which is stepped in a 4suitable bearing in the base portion .0, mounted on base A, of the frameof the capping machine. The capping machine has a table d flush with its turret a. The turret a carries a gear e which meshes with a gear f fixed on a vertical shaft g that is ljournaled in suitable bearings in frame c and table cl v OnV the base A is secured the pedestal i of the filling machine C. The upper re.

duced portion z" of this pedestal forms a bearing for the sleeve or hub j of a turret that includes a table 7c flush with table d and turret a, said sleeve having a cap l which obtains a thrust bearing on the top of portion z" of pedestal z'. On the turret y' is carried a super-turret m including a hub or upstanding sleeve n on which is superimposed a liquid tank 0 having a central compartment or reservoir p and an annular compartment or reservoir g (covered and thus hermetically sealed) ,the super-structure m n o thus formed being adjustable vertically on the turret j k by means of a pair of screws r that are tapped into the super-turret and swiveled in turret lo and are connected by a sprocket and chain transmission, s, and may thus both be turned together, to accomplish the adjustment, on turning the shaft t suitably geared with one o the screws. The turret c has twenty-four bottle gages u, and superturret lml corresponding ways o to receive the hereinafter mentioned parts 95. Turret la has a gear w which meshes with the gear f. Turret a and starwheel h are each adapted for the reception of eight bottles, as shown in Figure 2; as

vthe filling operation of each bottle requires a longer period of time than the 4 capping thereof (according to the present system, three times as long) the speed ratio of gear w to gears c and f, which are of the same size, is as l to 3.

Deposited one by one on a suitable runway (not shown) the bottles are advanced onto 'table (Z by a chain conveyor and are shunted by the guide fz/ shown in Figure 2 toward the turret 7:, to be thereupon received in the gages u; each bottle is shifted into its gage by the guide z shown in Figures 2 and 35, which is arranged to be wiped by the base of the bottle. The conveyor may be driven through suitable gearing 2 shown in Figure '2 so that the speed ratio of turret 7c and said conveyor is 1 to 3.

I may here remark that the machine shown is adapted for filling bottles with carbonated water and syrup and that the carbonated water in the present instance is assumed to be cold and in its container (receiver g) is under a certain pressure suitably above atmospheric, though of course lower than the source of supply (not shown). According to this invention the filling means is adapted to keep the water under that pressure or I substantially that pressure while the water as an incident to the filling operation is subject to agitation, that is, until thewater is actually the bottle, thus to prevent loss of its gas v(after filling and upto and inclusive of sealing, sincethe liquid then undergoes little disturbance and but a comparatively vsmall amount of surface thereof-repreand for also delivering the syrup, to the bot-y tle have been designed so as to avoid disturbance of the liquid as much as possible, with consequent loss of gas and undesirable foaming.

The receptacle 0 has a supply pipe 3 for reservoir g, a part 3 of which is a depending axial extension of said receptacle and at its lower end is telescoped into the end portion 4 of a pipe 4 which is connected with the supply of carbonated water (not shown). There is a syrup supply pipe 5 suitably connected with a syrup supply (not shown), the downwardly extending part 5 of which is telescoped into a pipe 5 axially arranged in and secured to the bottom of the receptacle o within its reservoir p, 6 being a constantlevel iioat valve to control the delivery of the syrup from pipe 5 to said reservoir. There is further an air pipe 7 which takes air from a suitable source of air under pressure and has a downwardly extending portion 7 passing1 into and through the part 5 of pipe 54 (t e top of which is suitably sealed) and then laterally through reservoir p into reservoir g. Between revolving and xed parts of the piping above referred to, as between 3' and 4, 5 and 5" and 7 and 7 are glands 8, 9 and 9', the gland 8 permitting telescoping movement of 3 and 4 when the superstructure m-n-o and its adjuncts are adjusted vertically', as explained.

The admission of the water to reservoir o is controlled by a constant-level means of novel construction designed to produce a sudden but copious release and sudden and complete checking of the water `to the reservoir as distinguished from a gradual release and checking 'with vconsequent incidental wire-drawing or squirting of the water, thus to reduce the agitation of the water as far as possible. In Figures l, 36, 37 and 38 a horizontally elongated valvechamber 10 forms the terminal, within reservoir q, of pipe 3, 11 being a port which leads to the space 12 of this valve-chamber from pipe 3 and 13 a port which forms a valve seat in one end of this valve chamber and discharges under a horizontal wall or baffle 14 which bridges a loop-extension 15 of the valve-chamber. A spring 16 seated against the other end of said chamber holds a valve 17 normally against said valve-seat, and the stem 18 of this valve protrudes and has its head 19 arranved over the baiflevl4. Said head is connected by a toggle 20 with a screw 2l heldvadjustably by two nuts 22 in the end of loop-extension 15. lThere is a float lever 23 fulcrumed in the valve chamber 10, and a pivot 24 thereof is connected with the center pivot 25 of the toggle 'by alink 26 which is suitably forked at both ends to receive the float lever and toggle and has longitudinal slots 27 and 28 receiving pivots 24 and 25; interposed between the link and float-lever are springs 29. When, the liquid level in.reservoir p falling, the float lever vdescends and brings `the upper ends of slots 28 against the pivot 25 and so,l thereupon compressing springs 29 (which are considerably more powerful than spring 16), starts to open, that is, cracks the valve 17, the pressures on opposite sides of `the valve becoming thus balanced, the energy storedup in said springs moves the valve suddenly to the 'full-open position, and the water enters reservoir g in a stream which from practically the very outset is of `the fullvolumef afforded by port 13; the reservoir now filling and the float rising, the'closing of the valve is deferred until the springs are fully extended and the link is raised until it acts to pull upward on pivot 25, and once this effects a uckling of the toggle spring 16, finally assisted b the pressure in 11, closes the valve sudden y. Both movements, opening and closing, of the valve therefore take place with practically no wire drawing or squirting and consequent disturbance of the water at the time the valve is near its seat.

Above each of the twenty-four gages and attached to -tank o is an.organization of parts, or unit, whereby the head of the bottle (its base being gaged by gage u) is brought to gaged position with respect to th`e turret, then by fluid-pressure derived from reservoir g a sealed space is; formed by the combined spaces of the bottle and a filling-head and such sealed space is put in communication with reservoir g so as to balance the pressure in them, and then (provided such sealed space has been formed) the ways for the flow of the syrup and water opened.- The filling-head is formed in two parts, upper and lower, the upper being carried by a ram operated by fluid-pressure derived from reservoir. g and the ,lowerhaving a sliding vertical movement and being adapted on descent of the upper part to be impinged thereby and thus forced against the bottle head to form the sealed space, whereupon there are established the communications between the reservoir and said sealed space which result in balancing the pressures in the same and the flow of the liquids. Each unit includes acontrol device Which is first actuated to switch the reservoir pressure as to that unit one way so as to, cause the working thrust ofthe ram,

with the operations mentioned that are the incident thereof, and then, after filling and beforeythe bottle begins to'mov'e from the filling machine Q to the capping machine B, is actuated to switch said reservoir pressure another way so as to return the ram.

The Vram casing 30 of each unit is secured by screws 31 to the receptacle o (Figures 3 to 6 and 12). A ring 32 (Figures l and 2) surmounts and is secured to the several ram casings, forming a projecting flangev concentric with the receptacle o, and this flange is received in the groove .of a segment 33 secured to the tops of the pillars 34 and 35 which are arranged to slide (in adjusting the receptacle o up or down) on a'pair of vertical posts 36, each of which latter is suitably fixed in a step 37 upstanding from and secured to the tabled and one of' which is forked at the top to receive the pipes 7 and 5. The front or near pillar 34 is shown in Figures 28 to 30 and the 4rear pillar 35 in Figures 32 to 34; only one of the two steps is shown, in vFigure 33, be-l ing the one for the rear pillar 35, both steps being identical. The means carried by thesel pillars and the consequent purpose lof their vertical adjustability will appear later.

'I he ram casing 30 contains two vertical cyllnders 38 and 39. The cylinder 38 'contains a piston 40 whose stem 41 has the filli of cylinder 39 leads a port 46 whereby the i two cylinders may be put into communication with each other at points below their pistons (Figures 7 to 11) Means is providedfor admitting the pressure in reservoir g to the opposite sides of the pistons, alternately, thus: The port of a pipe 47 (Figures 1; 3, 6 and 23) which is attached to a fitting A 48, in turn attached to the receptacle o back of each ram casing, is extended downwardly into and terminates at the flat face 49 of a projection 50 of said casing (Figures 8, 9, and 10), said port being designated 51. Leading from said face 49 upwardly and to the top of cylinder 38 is a port 52, and leading from saidface downwardly to the bottom of cylinder 38 is another port 53. When a valve 54, formed asa disk withl diametri-l to the cylinders (above their pistons) via-the" port 52, and When the valve is turned the other way communication is established from said port 51 to the' cylinders (below their pistons )via the port 53,; thus 'the'pressure in reservqir g ,is utilized for ositively movin theplstons alternately isure\swi,tch.' Said valve, and its actuating [sleeve 57, interlocked therewith (Figures 10 and 26-27) and having a bushing 58 pinned thereon and journaled in apart of the rainl casing and a tw'ofarmed lever 59,interlocked with said bushing, are journaled on a stud 60 -xed in projection 50 and between the latstan ter and the head 61 of said stud, a spirall spring l62, interposed between valve and bushing, holding the latter against seat 49. The means to turn lever 59 first one wa y and then the other as the filling unit is carried around is to be explained..

V The throw of piston 40 is always the saine` -the -full length of its cylinder-' but the throw of piston 42 is variable at willv in order to determine the amount of the syrup l charge, whose delivery it effects, thus: The` stem 44 (Figure 16) protrudes up through the landedtop of cylinder 39 into an uptgling nipple 63 fixed thereon into-which is tapped a screw 64 which accordingas it is screwed upv or down determines the elevation (by contact of stem 44 therewith) to which the piston can rise; to held .the screw7 as thus adjusted its head has a split contractible depending sleeve 65 which is tapering and threaded and has screwed thereon a )clamping nut 66.

An integral part of rain casing 30 is a syrup cylinder 67, below and alined with cylinder.39. At the top it has an inlet port 68 (Figure 2O)l and at the bottoni a delivery port 69. The-lower end of stein 44 has a head 70 (Figures 7 and 17) thereon which has slight vertical play between the spider 71 of the body part 7 2 and the packing part '73 of a piston in said cylinder', part 7 8 liaving an openingtherethrough and forming at the top a valve seat with which head 7 0 coacts as a valve (Figures 7, 18 and 19). iVhen the piston descends the valve closes and syrup is drawn into the cylinder above the piston through port 68, and when it rises this charge of syrup is transferred through the piston to below it, to be discharged through port 69 when the piston next de-y scends. The port 68 communicates with the passage 74 of a valve fitting 75 removably attached to one side of the ram casing 30 and connected with the reservoir p by a pipe 76 (Figures 6 and 2O),v the fitting having a screw plug or valve 77 whereby the Own 4and up, an valve 54 acts in effect as a iiuidl presi son therein casing has tobe removed for repairing the same or any of the parts can' ried thereby.

To the opposite' side of the ram casing 30 is removably attached a valve fitting-78 (Figures, 21 and 22) Whosepassage 79 di rectlyconnects with the reservir `g (Figure 6) and which has a screw plug or valve 80 whereby the carbonated -water iiow, which takes `place through this fitting, ma be cut off when, having detached the ttmg, .the

ram casing is to be removed, as aforesaid.-

Passage 79 may if desired, feria' purpose to y a valve l81 which is held seated by a spring 82 interbe explained, be normally closed posed between a head piece 83 fixed on the upper end ofthe stem 84 of the valve and' which is arranged to be depressed, too en the valve, by the descending 'gland'43 -(v igures 6, 12 and 21).

A- pipe 84 leads downwardly Ifrom the fitting 48 toand connects with a vertical boreL ing tube 87 and has two ports 88 and 89` (Figure 13) communicating with the filling tube and `terminating in nipples 90' adapted to be connected with the outlet 69 of the syrup pump and with the assa 79 of the water fitting 78 by the fiexi le tu ing 91 (Figure 6). Each passage 88 and 89 is normally closed by a spring pressed `valve 92 having `a stem 93 which protrudes downwardly through a gland 94.

4 The lower part of the filling head includes a block 95 (Figures 6 and 14) which is suspended from the rain casin by two rods 96 and 97 (the latter being tu ular)` which penetrate glands 98 afiixed to said casing and exerting a friction grip on the rods; the structure formed by the block and rods may thus move vertically but will be held by friction at any elevation to which it is moved. An elastic block or gasket 99, which it is convenient to attach to the block 86, will cause depression of said .structure when the upper part of the filling head has descended a certain distance; the rods penetrate freely said vpart 86 and fixed on one of the rods above said part is a collar 100y against which said part takes in moving4 i ing with a chamber, 105 through the lower .wall 106 of which loosely cxtendsthe filling tube 87; each diaphragm chamber, is close by a diaphragm 107 normally held depressed or pressed inwardly by a plunger 108 which slidesv vertically in the plug r`109 'screwed into part 95. A valve 110, whose 'stem 111v protrudes upwardly and may be depressed by the part 86 of the filling head, is normally spring-held in position to close thecommunication through port 101 l to the space in the lower part 95 of the filling head,

which is formed by ports l103 and chambers 104-105 112 is a guide for the bottle head `suitably bifurcated as'to its lower -portion to form a gage and formed annular at the top to support a yielding gasket 113 housed closed the devices 108 become means to detect pressure in said .space exceeding atmospheric pressure; said devices are vertically alined With andr adapted to actuate the stems 93.

When each bottle is gaged as to its base by a gage u, as already explained, it is also gaged as' to its head by the bifurcated or gage portion of the guide 112, so after it begins, thus positioned, to move around on and with the turret j 7c, it sets in operative position means which moves -the lever 59 one way and so causes the operations incident to filling to ensue. The lower portion of the pillar 34 (see Figures 28 to 30) forms the head 121 of a sliding detector detent 122,

a. guide for a horizontally movable slide 114 whose head 115 is normally held projecting int-0 the path of the bottle (Figures 2 and 3) by a spring 116 interposed between a suitable shoulder on the slide and a projecting part 117 of said guide, 118. The slide is p'ivotally connected to alever 119 fulcrumedin the pillar and pivotally connected to aknuckle 120 which is held clamped between guided and horizontally movable in the pillar, and a "sleeve 123 (slidable on the detent) by a spring 124 interposed between an enlargement 125 on the detent fand said sleeve. The detent will thus move back and forth with slide 114. It may be desired to move the bottles past the slide 114 without its movement causing the detent to preject (dottedlines, Figure 28) in position to turn lever 59; wherefore the detent may be locked back by a catch or stop 126 leaving lever 119 to move the knuckle on the detent, idly, the catch being pivoted in pillar 34 and movable into obstructing relation to the forward side of the enlargement 125.

On the other pillar 35 isa detent 127 which trips lever 59, when the filling unit has proceeded so far, back again, switchlng the pressure so as to elevate the ram and so cutloii the communication between reiser# e filling` head (Figures by any suitable connections, as a lever 130 for actuating the controlling valve 130a of" ,a pneumatic clutch controlling means (a fragment of which vis shown in Fig. 37 as an air conducting pipe 130b), be 4made to` actuate the clutch of and so stop the machine before any injury could be done.

1 The' fitting 48 .communicates with the bore of a fitting 131 Within the reservoir g, which bore contains a check valve 132 held seated .against the pressure in said reservoir by a spring 133; between the check valve and the outlet end of the fitting 131 is an outlet from said bore to reservoir g which is closed by a valve 134 seating toward the bore and in the present case held i against its seat by gravity. i

Operation.' While the bottles being, as explained, successively fed to and positioned on the turret j :,'areI carried around thereby to be fed to the sealingmachine B by the star wheel h, they are filled with syrup andv tially constant by the .means the constant-level means in said reservoir replen- `ishing the liquid therein asv fast as it is vwithdrawn; in the filling of each bottle the .carbonated water subject to the pressure in lthe receptacle -q which is ke t substanroo the bottle to advance the detent 122 to the dotted'line position in Figure 28, so` that the switch valve 54, due to said detent turnuntil gasket 113 impinges against the bottle mouth, whereupon gasket 99 becomes compressed and vwith the gasket 113 forms a sealed spacecomprising the interiors of the filling head and bottle, the filling tube 87 having meantime been thrust down into the bottle. -In or upon forming this sealed space the valve 110`isunseated by part 86 of the filling head, wherefore the air or other gas above the liquid in reservoir g finds its way gasket 99 the valves 92 will be unseated by the elevated -plungers (Unless the sealed space is roperly formed and unless the pressure t erein becomes raised to that in chamber q-above atmospheric-, with consequent elevating of plungers 108, the valves 92 will not be`unseated and so will not permit untimel release of the liquids.) Unseating of tie valves 92 releases the water and syrup. The syrup should precede the water into the bottle, and to this end I employ the valve 81 shown inFigure 21, which 1s adapted to be opened by the gland 48 eny aging its head 83 when the syrup pump has about delivered its charge. When the pressures become balanced in the aforesaidr sealed space and reservoir (1 check valve 132 cuts ofi` said space from the reservoir, so that as the liquidslfiow into the bottle there ensues a rise in pressure in said space; this pressure is regulated by the weight o f the valve 134 which is such that the valve will become unseated before the bottle would burst. The bottle having been filled it approaches the point where the lever 59 of its filling unit will engage the fixed detent 127 and be turned thereby in the direction opposite to which it was turned by detent 122 to start the filling. The pressure now being switched by valves54 to the under side of the pistons 40 and 42 the latter rise. On account of the friction grip which the glands 98 maintain on the rods 97 the lower part of the filling head stands depressed as the upper part thereof now rises until the latter by impinging the collar 100 elevates and so resets said part; consequently the valves 92 and 110 become reseated, preventing 'loss of the carbonated water and also the pressurev in reservoir g. The rise of the ,piston 42 results in the charge of syrup which entered above the syrup pumn piston on its previous down stroke passing through said piston to below it, ready to be delivered'on the next filling operation. f

When the turret j-k is adjusted to elevate or lower the tank o and the several units carried tliereb to suit the height of bottles ,i

The power to rotate shaft b, and conse-y quently turret a of the capping machine,

and. through the gearing described, the turret j-k of the filling machine and the bottleadvancing means m, is derived 'from a shaft 135 journaled at the top of the capping machine and suitably geared lwith shaft b; it may be driven by the motor 136 through gearing 137, or by a belt on pulley 138, and

on a vertical axis, a carrying structure ad- I justable vertically .on and rotating with the turret, another carrying structure coupled for movement vertically with the first structure but confined by the supportingmeans against rotation with said first structure,`a controlling device carried by and movable in one structure and an actuating device for.

the' controlling device carried by the other structure, means, substantially vertically alined with the container being conveyed and carried by the first structure, for operat, l ing on 'said container, and means, controlled by the controlling device, for causing movement one toward the other as between the second means and the container.

2. A filling apparatus including, in combination with a supporting means, a rotary container-conveying turret journaled therein on a vertical axis, a structure adjustable vertically on and rotating with the turret, another structure coupledfor movement vertically with the first structure but confined l by the supporting means against rotation with said first structure, filling-chargedelivery means normally occupying a definite elevation in said first structure but depressible therein, means to rotate the turret, and means to control the last-named means having a controlling member arranged on the second structure below the normal elevation of the filling-charge-delivery means but adapted to be actuated by the same when in rotating with said second structure, said filling-charge-delivery means passes said member depressed below said elevation.I-

3. In combination, with a valve-support, means yieldable therein under pressure of a i is container exerted on said means toward the support for forming with the container a sealed space, and a valve carried by the support, said means having an inlet, controlled by said valve, for delivering fiuid to said space and also having a valve-controllingdetector movable therein by the pressure of the fiuid in said space and adapted when so moved and on yielding of said means to engage and actuate the valve.

4. ln combination, with alvalve-support, means yieldable therein under pressure of a container exerted on said means toward the 4support for forming with the container a' sealed space, and a valve carried by theA support, said means having an inlet to said space for fluid under pressure and an inlet, controlled by said valve, for delivering liquid to said space and also having a valvecontrolling detector movable therein by the pressure in said space and adapted when so moved and on yielding of said means to engage and actuate the valve.

5. In combination, two iilling-head-forming parts one of which is yieldable toward the other and adapted on such movement to form with the other and a container a sealed space, and a valve on one of said parts, the other `part having a valve-controlling detector movable therein by the pressure of the fluid admitted to said space and adapted when so moved and on yielding of the yieldable one of said parts to engage and actuate the valve, one of said parts having an inlet, controlled by the valve, for delivering iiuid to said space.

6. `In combination, two flling-head-'forming parts one of whichis yieldable toward the other and adapted on such movement to form with the other and a container a sealed space, and a valve on onel of said parts, the other part having a valve-controlling detector movable therein by the pressure of the fluid admitted to said space and adapted when so moved and on yielding of the yieldable one of said parts to engage and actuate the valve, one of said parts having an inlet to said space for fluid under pressure and one' of said parts having an inlet, controlled by the valve, for delivering li uid to` said space.

In combination, with a valve-support, means for formin with a container a sealed space, and a va ve carried by the support,

said means having-an inlet to said space for fluid under pressure and an inlet, controlled by said valve, for delivering liquid to said s ace and also havin a valve-controlling etector movable thereln b the pressure in said space, said support and the part of said means having the detector being movable one toward the other and the detector on such movement and when itself moved in said part by pressure in said space-being adapted to engage and actuate the valve.

8. In combination, a reservoir for a fluid under pressure, a movable filling head, a Huid conductor connecting the reservoir and lling head, a fluid pump, a fluid conductor connecting the pump and filling head and by which the former delivers uid to the latter, independently movable Afluid operated means for actuating the filling head and pump, and' Huid-conducting means 'connecting the reservoir with' said fluid-operated means.

9. In combination, apreservoir for a gas und^r pressure and also for a liquid, a hollow filling head movable downwardly and including an upper part and a lower part yieldable toward the upper part, a gas conductor leading to lthe space of thelling head from the reservoir, a valve in one of said parts normally closing the conductor,

and adapted to be opened by the other part on yielding of the yielding oneof said parts, a liquid conductor leading to the space of the filling head from the reservoir, and a valve in one of said parts normally closing the liquid conductor and adapted to be opened by the other of said parts on yieldingv of the yielding one of said parts.

10. In combination, 'a reservoir for a fluid under pressure, a cylinder and a fluidmoved piston therein, a filling head connected to and movable with the piston, another cylinder and a luidmoved piston therein, a fluid-delivery pump having a piston connected to move with the second- .named piston, valve-controlled means to convey fluid from the reservoir to each cylinder to actuate the piston therein, means to conduct to the filling head the liuid discharged by the pump, and means, controlled i by a container placed in position to be lled by the filling head, lfor opening and closing the said conducting means.

l11. In combination, a reservoir for a fluid under pressure, a movable lilling head, a fluid-delivery pump including a cylinder and piston, means, operated by fluid pressure in said reservoir, to impart movements to the filling head and piston substantially together, means to conduct to the illinghead iuid discharged by the pump, and means, controlled by the pump piston, to control the fioW through the -first conducting means.

12. In combination, a reservoir for a as under pressure and for a liquid, a filling head adapted to form with a lcontainer a. sealed space, means, including gas and quid conductors leading from above and e voir to said space and through the fillin head, for first admitting gas and theni uid to the container, the 'iirst conductor aving a check valve openin toward said space and also an opening tot e'reservoir between the check valve and said space,

and a normally closed valve for the said opening adapted to be opened by pressure in .the conductor exceeding that in the 'reservo1r.

lIn testimony whereof I aiiix my signature.

MOS CALLESON.

ow the liquid level in said reser-l 

